External Staircases
The stairs that run along the exterior of a building have a key feature in common: they have to be able to withstand the elements. So, typically, they’re made of metal and painted to resist rust. These stairs are especially common as fire escapes, emergency exits, and for access to motels and inns. A common style for external stairs is to cast them out of metal, and make the treads (steps) out of a metal mesh. This way the stairs are strong, yet weight is minimized, and rain water doesn’t collect on the steps.
This has a dual positive element; it reduces the degree to which the steps will rust over time, and reduces the chances of someone slipping and falling. For a short flight of external stairs, stone and/or brick can be used for the base, and then iron or some other metal can form the railings. This type of external staircase has the plus of durability; it will typically last for many years. In the case of emergency/fire escape stairs, they often are designed to limit access from outside.
The final flight of steps will be raised off of the ground and lowered from above during an emergency so people can get out of the building. This has an added plus as it also keeps the building secure. Fire escape stairs normally come out the back of a building, and thus they’re in an area not frequented by most people. So, thieves may try to use them to gain access to the building. By having the stairs raised or otherwise secured, the possibility of break in is reduced.
